For sprinters in Grand Tours, it’s a polarized world to the extreme. Suffer and survive the mountains in the hopes of sprint stage glory. What does it take for a world-class sprinter to tackle the Tour de France?

The digital era has arrived in many different aspects of our lives. Heart rate variability has become a sexy new measure – how might it help your daily training?

It happens every Spring - the first few group rides of the year brutally reawaken the realities of the highly variable nature of racing. What are the neuromuscular differences affecting riding fatigue between hard constant efforts and group races?

Time trialing has a massive focus on aerodynamics, both to the bike and the rider. But where does the balance lie between aerodynamics, power output, metabolic economy, and thermoregulation? How low should you go?

Having spent my time as an undergraduate studying biochemistry and human metabolism, the idea of "fasted training" remains one of my favorite training tactics nearly 4 years later. This article explains how & why fasted training works, and how you can incorporate this into your own cycling training plan.

Riding Grand Tours is about the hardest athletic gig that you can find. Over the years, scientists have tracked the power demands and its impact on different physiological systems. A new study explores how GTs affect respiratory function and symptoms.

Best of TOOLBOX: Yes, training does make you fitter, but how does it actually improve your fitness? How much comes down to increasing haemoglobin and blood volume to improve oxygen delivery? How might we test this?

TOOLBOX: We know that exercise and an active lifestyle provides huge benefits to our overall health. But even something as positive as exercise can become addictive and take over our lives for the worse. What are the risk and risk factors for exercise addiction in recreational cyclists?

Do you ever get the feeling you “don’t have the motivation”? Ever tell yourself you’ve “lost your drive”? As Vizzini advised Inigo Montoya in “The Princess Bride,” when this happens it’s time to go back to the beginning. We break down 3 key steps to keep your drive alive during tough times.